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Venom



Thrash 


Metal 


& 



Others

RM Radio 
Coming Soon
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Metallica
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Megadeath
The story of Metal Music is one of

splintering, diversity and creativity. From

the emergence of Heavy Metal in the late

1960s, there has been a massive 

fragmentation of metal into many

subgenres, most distinguishable by image

and appearance, theatre, although all

supported by subtle and in some cases, and

distinct differenes in heavy music style. 

Below is a snap shot of some of the major

subgenres (sometimes labelled 

'underground') that did emerge. 

Collectively all are essential ingredients in

modern popular music.
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Anthrax
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Slayer


Thrash Metal

Thrash metal emerged in the early 1980s. It was 

influenced by hardcore punk and the New Wave 

of British Heavy Metal particularly songs in the

revved-up style known as 'Speed Metal'. The

sound developed by thrash groups was faster and

more aggressive than the original metal bands and

their glam metal successors. Thrash Metal lyrics

often express nihilistic views or deal with social

issues using visceral, gory language. Thrash has

been described as a form of "urban blight music"

and "a palefaced cousin of rap."


The big four of Thrash are: Metallica, Anthrax,

Megadeth, and Slayer, while three German bands,

Kreator, Sodom, and Destruction, played a central

role in bringing the style to Europe. There are 

many others. Some bands including Slayer have

been accused of flirting with and attracting neo-

Nazi elements.
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Metallica
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Megadeth
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Slayer
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Anthrax
Metallica - Master Of Death
Slayer - Raining Blood
Megadeth - Countdown To Extinction



Death Metal

Thrash Metal soon also split into more extreme 

metal 'genres'. Emerging during the mid-1980s.

'Death Metal' has been prominent among these. Of

musicians in this genre Chuck Schuldner has been

largely recognised as the father of 'Death Metal', 

while Slayer's music was considered directly

responsible for the rise of this sub-genre, as was 

the band 'Venom'.  


The Death Metal movement in the West is perhaps

best known for emphasizing such things as

blasphemy and diabolism. Musically, it utilizes the
 
speed and aggression of both thrash and hardcore, 

fused with lyrics preoccupied with 'slasher' 

movie violence and Satanism. Death metal vocals

are typically bleak, involving guttural "death 

growls", high-pitched screaming, the "death rasp"

and other uncommon techniques. Complementing

the deep, aggressive vocal style are downtuned, 

highly distorted guitars and extremely fast

percussion, often with rapid double bass drumming

and "wall of sound"–style blast beats. 


In terms of style, Death Metal, like Thrash Metal,

generally rejects the theatrics of earlier metal 

styles, opting instead for an everyday look of 

ripped jeans and plain leather jacket.


Metal bands such as Slayer, Kreator, Celtic Frost,

and Venom were important influences in the

emergence of this genre. Possessed and Death,

along with bands such as Obituary, Carcass, 

Deicide, Cannibal Corpse and Morbid Angel are

often considered pioneers of the genre. 

Possessed - Death Metal
Slayer - Angel Of Death
Venom - Welcome To Hell
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Slayer
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Venom
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Kreator
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Celtic Frost
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Cannibal Corpse



Black Metal

Another sub- genre is Black Metal. This emerged in

Europe in the early and mid-1980s, led by Britian's 

Venom, Denmark's Mercyful Fate, Switzerland's

Hellhammer and Celtic Frost, and Sweden's

Bathory. By the late 1980s, Norwegian bands such

as Mayhem and Burzum were heading a second

wave. Black metal varies considerably in style and

production quality, although most bands emphasize

shrieked and growled vocals, highly distorted guitars

frequently played with rapid tremolo picking, a

"dark" atmosphere and intentionally lo-fi production,

with ambient noise and background hiss. Satanic

themes are common in black metal, though many

bands take inspiration from ancient paganism,

promoting a return to pre-Christian values.

Numerous black metal bands also "experiment with

sounds from all possible forms of metal, folk, 

classical music, electronica and avant-garde."

By 1990, Mayhem was regularly wearing 

corpsepaint; many other black metal acts also  

adopted the look.  Some bands in the Scandinavian

black metal scene became associated with much

violence in the early 1990s, with Mayhem and

Burzum linked to church burnings. Growing

commercial hype around death metal soon

generated a backlash; beginning in Norway, much of

the Scandinavian metal underground shifted to

support a black metal scene resistant of being co-

opted by the commercial metal industry. According

to Gorgoroth vocalist Gaahl, "Black Metal was never

meant to reach an audience.... [We] had a common

enemy which was ..., Christianity, socialism and

everything that democracy stands for."

Mayhem
Mercyful Fate
Celtic Frost
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Mercyful Fate
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Hellhammer
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Mayhem
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Bathory



Power Metal

Yet another subgenre is Power Metal. During the

late 1980s, the power metal scene came together

largely in reaction to the harshness of death and 

black  metal. Though a relatively underground

style in North America, it enjoys wide popularity

in Europe, Japan, and South America. Power 

metal focuses on upbeat, epic melodies and 

themes that "appeal to the listener's sense of valor

and loveliness." The prototype for the sound was 

established in the mid-to-late 1980s by Germany's

Helloween, which combined the power riffs, 

melodic approach, and high-pitched, singing styles

of bands like Judas Priest and Iron Maiden with

thrash's speed and energy, a combination now 

known as power metal. Traditional power metal

bands are considered to include Sweden's 

HammerFall, England's DragonForce, Florida's

Iced Earth and Kamelot, among others. Many of

these bands including Nightwish, Rhapsody of 

Fire, and Russia's Catharsis feature a keyboard-

based "symphonic" sound, sometimes employing 

orchestras and opera singers. 




Progressive Metal


Closely related to power metal is progressive

metal, which adopts the complex compositional

approach of bands like Rush and King Crimson.

This style emerged in the United States in the 

early and mid-1980s.


Hammerfall
Helloween
Dragon Force
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Helloween
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Nightwish
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Iced Earth
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Catharsis




Doom, Gothic Metal & Others:

Doom


And of course there have been many 

others. Doom Metal emerged in the mid-

1980s with such bands as Saint Vitus,

The Obsessed, Trouble, and Candlemass, 

Doom Metal rejected other metal styles' 

emphasis on speed, slowing its music

right down. This music traces its roots to

the lyrical themes and musical approach

of early Black Sabbath. Doom

emphasizes melody, melancholy tempos,

and a sepulchral mood relative to other

metal varieties of metal.



The Obsessed
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Trouble
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Candlemass

Sludge, Stoner, & 


Drone Metal


In the late 1980s, Sludge Metal emerged

mixing doom and hardcore. Such bands 

included Eyehategod and Crowbar.

Stoner Metal soon also emerged with

such bands as Kyuss and Sleep.

Drone Metal was introduced by bands

such as Earth helped develop the drone 

metal subgenre.
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Eyehategod
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Kyuss
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Crowbar
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Sleep

Glam Metal


And then there was Glam Metal (often cynically

referred to as 'Light Metal' or 'Hair Metal)'. By 

the mid- 1980s, glam metal was dominant on the

U.S. charts, music television, and the arena concert 

circuit. Major bands included Warrant,Poison

and Cinderella while Mötley Crüe and Ratt 

remained very popular. Bridging the stylistic gap

between hard rock and glam metal, Bon Jovi  

became enormously successful as did Europe, 

and more particularly Guns N' Roses, and 

Jane's Addiction. And don't forget Twisted Sister.


Fashion and personal style was especially 

important for glam metal bands of the era. 

Performers typically wore long, dyed, hairspray-

teased hair (hence the nickname, "hair metal"); 

makeup such as lipstick and eyeliner; gaudy 

clothing, including leopard-skin-printed shirts or

vests and tight denim, leather, or spandex pants; 

and accessories such as headbands and jewelry.



Bon Jovi - Living On A Prayer
Poison - Every Rose Has Its Thorn
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Guns & Roses - Sweet Child O Mine



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Nu Metal

In the mid- and late 1990s came a new

wave of U.S. metal groups inspired by the

alternative metal bands and their mix of

genres.Dubbed "nu metal", these bands

included Slipknot, Linkin Park, Limp

Bizkit, Papa Roach, Korn and Disturbed.

Nu Metal incorporated elements ranging

from death metal to hip hop, often

including DJs and rap-style vocals. Nu 

metal gained mainstream success through

heavy MTV rotation and Ozzy 

Osbourne's 1996 introduction of Ozzfest,

which led the media to talk of a 

resurgence of heavy metal. 


Slipknot - Psychosocial
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Limp Bizkit
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Disturbed


Alternative Metal

Many of the most popular early 1990s groups

with roots in heavy metal fall under the umbrella

term "alternative metal." Bands at the centre 

were Soundgarden and  Alice in Chains. 

The label was applied to a wide spectrum of

other acts that fused metal with different styles 

such as: Faith No More, Primus, Tool, Fear 

Factory, Ministry and Nine Inch Nails. Marilyn

Manson also did similar but also employed

shock effects of the sort popularized by Alice

Cooper. Alternative metal artists, though they did

not represent a cohesive scene, were united by

their willingness to experiment with the metal

genre and their rejection of glam metal 

aesthetics.

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Marilyn Manson
Alice In Chains
Marilyn Manson
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Soundgarden
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Nineinchnails
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Alice In Chains
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Fear Factory


At the time of writing there have been many, many more Heavy Metal bands and the 

sub-genres they either invented or participated in, such as Metal Core, Retro-Metal, 

and the New Wave of British Heavy Metal (with bands such as Iron Maiden, Saxon 

and Def Leppard and |Motorhead).



The Wind Up


The era of metal's mainstream dominance in Western Popular Music (in the US) largely

came to an end in the early 1990s with the emergence of Grunge and other genres. 

Grunge acts were influenced by the heavy metal sound, but rejected the excesses of the

more popular metal bands, such as their "flashy and virtuosic solos" and "appearance-

driven" MTV orientation. However Metal remains a force in Pop music as does the 

band Metallica.



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